Background: Primary Immunodeficiencys (PID) are severe disorders of immune system leads to high morbidity and mortality. Special investigation has been performed for improving the knowledge about PID and organizing registry of these patients. 10 warning signs of PID in native language are used in education programs for pediatric, immunologist and other specialists. The Objective of the study was to educate and increase awareness of PID diagnosis and treatment, also to detect primary immune deficiency in patients with suspicion on immune abnormalities.Methods: Three years study was performed with children and adult patients with severe and repeated infections from the different regions of Azerbaijan Republic. Research based on the recommendation of JMF. Data from the patient records were analyzed in relation to age, gender, type of infections and complications.Findings: 240 patients, children and adults, with repeated and severe infections were suspected on PID and examined during 2010-2012 years. The PID registry was from 2011 and now total 13 clinical immunologists and 4 lab staff are working on PID in the medical centers in Baku. The number of patients being followed is 45, number of patients identified with PID is 28 and 7 patients genetically confirmed and regularreceive IVIG treatment. 17 patient have unspecified diagnose of PID. Patients died in this period were 12. There were published special brochure with algorithm of PID diagnosis and textbook on PID for students and residents.Conclusion: Still there are many undiagnosed immune compromised patients in Azerbaijan. Despite the PID educational program and practical seminars, the investigation of PID in patients is not routinely, most of patients not treated by immunologists and we have no patients received BMT.

Effective control strategies are necessary for enhancing wind turbine efficiency and lifespan. The purpose of this paper is to control the rotational speed of a wind turbine by adjusting the pitch angle of the blades. Initially, a one-degree-of-freedom closed-loop controller is designed based on the complementary sensitivity function, followed by a PID and a modified PID controller. Finally, their performance in tracking the desired rotational speed of the wind turbine, which includes step and sinusoidal signals, is compared. The 1DOF controller introduced oscillation, while the PID controller eliminated oscillation but exhibited steady-state error. To preserve the advantages of the PID controller and eliminate steady-state error, an integrator term (1/s) has been added to the controller. Consequently, the modified PID controller has been designed. The results of the modified PID controller show no steady-state error or peak overshoot percentage for step inputs. While, the PID and the one-degree-of-freedom closed-loop controller in tracking the step reference input result in steady-state errors of 1.464% and 0.497% and peak overshoot percentages of 23.688% and 84.389%, respectively. During the implementation of the one-degree-of-freedom closed-loop controller, significant oscillations occur while tracking the desired input. The oscillations occurring in the rotor speed can lead to increased fatigue in various wind turbine components, which is an undesirable outcome. However, no oscillations are observed in rotor speed with the PID and modified PID controllers. Finally, according to the obtained results, the modified PID controller demonstrates superior performance compared to the other controllers in tracking the desired rotor speed

The salt obtained from salt sources has a low purity level and contains contaminants. The primary contaminants in the brines were eliminated in this investigation by using analytical separation (titration) techniques. Following the purification method, sodium hydroxide (NaOH) was added to magnesium chloride (MgCl2) to make magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2) coagulate in pH control. This was done by PID and Self-Tuning PID (STPID) Control. Using STPID Control, hydrochloric acid (HCl) at a rate of 20% was employed as an effective acid current, MgCl2 as a coagulant, and NaOH at a rate of 10% as a neutralization base throughout the process. The coagulation technique was carried out with pH values of 7, 9, and 11, respectively. The pH of the medium was adjusted using the PID and STPID algorithms, as well as an on-line computer control system. As the system model, ARMAX was employed. As a forcing function, a pseudo-random binary sequence (PRBS) was used to identify the dynamics of the process to be controlled, and the system output was measured. The Bierman algorithm was used to evaluate the model parameters. The STPID controller's tuning parameters were calculated. Following the coagulation method, an analytical titration procedure was used to find out if there are any trace amounts of Mg(OH)2 in the current environment, and a settlement percentage of 90% to 95% was found. To get the best coagulation, a pH value of 11 was chosen as the optimal value based on the performed calculations.

In this paper, multi-objective optimization based on Genetic Algorithm is used to find the design variables of PID, fuzzy and new Fuzzy-PID controllers applying for a thrust vector control of CANSAT carrier system. Motion vector control is considered according to the dynamic governing equation of the system which is derived using Newtons method and defined mission in delivering payload into the specific height and flight path angle. The cost functions of the system are position error from the set point and deviation of the vector angle of carrier system with carrier body, where these cost functions must be minimized simultaneously. Results demonstrate that this new Fuzzy-PID controller is superior to other controllers which are exerted in the thrust vector control of a CANSAT carrier system. This Fuzzy-PID is capable of doing the mission with decrease in settling time and rise time with respect to the convenient minimized objective function values.

PID controllers have been used for many years in industry and if a controller is well tuned, its performance is acceptable for many industrial processes. When the operating point is changed, due to nonlinear behavior of most processes, the controller should be returned. In this regard, several self-tuning PID controllers are proposed in the literature. In this paper, four such algorithms are compared through simulation and experimental studies. In the simulation study, the effects of factors such as process pole locations, non-minimum phase behavior and model changes on the performance of the schemes are investigated. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate that one of the schemes performs better than the others.

This paper proposes an optimized control policy over type one diabetes. Type one diabetes is taken into consideration as a nonlinear model (Augmented Minimal Model), which is implemented in MATLAB-SIMULINK. This Model is developed in consideration of the patient's conditions. There are some uncertainties in the regarded model due to factors such as blood glucose concentration, daily meals or sudden stresses. Moreover, there are distinct approaches toward the elimination of these uncertainties. In here, a meal is fed to the model as an input in order to omit these uncertainties. Also, different control methods could be chosen to monitor the blood glucose level. In this paper, a Fractional Order PID is utilized as the control method. Thereafter, the control method and parameters are tuned by conducting genetic algorithm, as a powerful evolutionary algorithm. Finally, the output of the optimized Fractional order PID and traditional PID control method, which had the same parameters as the Fractional PID except the fractions, are compared. At the end, it is concluded by utilizing Fractional Order PID, not only the controller performance improved considerably, but also, unlike the traditional PID, the blood glucose concentration is maintained in the desired range.